Tuesday 31 January 2017

MEST4 Linked production planning

MEST4 Linked production: Research and planning


1) Confirm your production brief. You write this yourself but it's absolutely crucial this is clear, appropriate and achievable. You should have done this already

Create a 3 minute music video that is completely different to the current music video, however fits with the theme and genre of the music.

2) Research: detailed notes on at least THREE texts similar to what you are creating. What are the key conventions? What can you learn/borrow from the examples you have looked at?


Official Music (going to be used for the official Linked Production)Harlem Spartans (Blanco, Zico, Bis, TG Millian, MizorMac) - Call Me A Spartan


#1

The camera angles used in this music video are key. These are all conventions that standard grime music videos as there is a lot of hand held shots (all of it is hand held). Furthermore, the aesthetical look is very good in terms of matching the style of what a grime video should look like 9in terms of actors).

The camera movement is what I will take away from this production, as it really fits in to the concept of a 'grime' music video. In typical music video's (like the ones mentioned below), all carry this key concept, showing that it is a vital requirement for such music genre, as opposed to the clean and sharp video quality for films.

#2

The entire chirography of the video is so good! Even the visual element of the video is very nice in terms of capturing the grime aspect as well as mixing it with very colourful aesthetic. The use of fireworks and unique style is something I will definitely consider for the actual linked production.

We plan to have a shot inside of a car/vehicle, and in this video there is also a shot of a group on men inside a vehicle. The reason this is significant is because, it gives a better insight in the shot angles and the visual element of what our version of that scene will look like. It doesn't break the 180 degree rule, until the camera angle shifts. 

#3

What makes this video so good is the the lighting used to capture this footage during the night. The time of day I plan to record will be at night, and therefore this means that lighting is key. The way that Kaylum Dennis (visuals) captured the shot is very well done, as it gives off a cinematic look, that other videos don't show. 

In addition, the editing element of this video is key. The way that the video cuts according to the music playing behind, is what typically all grime music videos have. I builds this equal wall between the editing and the video itself, not putting the audience member off. As seen in this video, as Yungen is rapping, there is a ripple sound effect which causes the screen to glitch black every time that beat drops.

#4

The props used in this video are things that I will definitely consider. The use of the mask is something that will match my critical investigation as well as capturing the dark tone within this music video. The video links more to my side of the critical investigation. 

Moreover, the way in which this video gets away with no one actually being seen to be rapping (all is done behind the mask) is the exact type of concept my and my group are looking for. There will probably be too much problems with lip syncing, and this is a great alternative. It helps to deliver the same concept and theme, as well as stay true to the original genre of the music; grime. 

3) Project schedule: when will you shoot and edit this production? Make this a week-by-week schedule leading up to Easter. Key dates: we break up for Easter on Friday 31 March and the final deadline is Wednesday 19 April.
  • February Half term- first shooting day 2 days)
  • Weekends onward depending on what needs to be shot
4) Script - see the BBC Writers' Room for advice/script formatting. If you're making a music video, you'll want to write a treatment instead. This is an example treatment that I provide for GCSE Media students studying this topic. 


Scene 1- A woman with a gas mask (light-up) enters the scene where she begins to walk

The camera is moving in the same direction that the female character is walking in. The idea is to keep the character in the middle of the shot, therefore the camera has to move to ensure this. She is wearing an LED gas mask and walks in an abandoned tunnel.

Scene 2- Two more characters appear on both dies of the female character and begin to walk across the room

The camera follows the movement of the female, until the shadows of the other two come in to the shot. There seems to be a person approaching the characters.

Scene 3- All three characters are holding a flaming torch and walk

Each character (with their masks on) have a lit torch in their hands and continue to walk. There is a slight cut in between their movement to give pace to the scene.

Scene 5- Music artist is rapping the main music on the streets towards the camera

The artist is moving his arms around in pace with the music beat, and is mimicking the music that plays over the music video

Scene 6- A figure in the distant (cannot see him/her) as the camera moves, we see that they have thrown a large object behind them.

The character seems to be angry/frustrated, which is why they throw a large object (brick) behind them. The camera moves, in order to displace the optical flare and give the audience more of a visual element to work with, they get to see a slight glimpse of the character.

Scene 7- The brick hits a bunch of pipes, and crumbles once it meets impact with them.

The impact of the bricks on the pipes leaves the brick to crumble and break apart, and essentially the editing has slowed down the shot to make it more aesthetically pleasing.

Scene 8-  A character is seen throwing another brick behind him, where it hits a barrier gate.

The character has thrown an object behind him in to a barred gate, and as he/she does so, the camera speeds up to reveal the face of the character (who is seen to be wearing a red LED) mask.

Scene 9- We see the three main characters continue their journey with flamed torch in their hands.

The camera is positioned directly in front of them (most likely captured by a gimbal), and tracks backwards as the characters move in the same direction as the camera is.

Scene 10- We see two of the three characters, however the one in red is seen to be hitting something with a weapon.

The character in the red LED mask is seen to have a lethal weapon in his hand as he is constantly hitting an object, which is later revealed to be a brick.



Scene 1- A man is standing, glancing at his phone while on his phone

The character is glancing at his phone, while the camera swings around him. Until, the character breaks the fourth wall and looks directly at the camera after the camera completes its 180 degree turn. There is an edit of fast pace in order to give that shock to the viewer when the character looks at the camera.

Scene 2- Main character uses his hand gestures to make the camera man follow him, and approaches a group of young men, who are too, hidden in masks.

The character breaks the fourth wall again, and gestures to the audience to follow him. He then approaches a group of 4 other people who are also wearing masks. There is a glitch effect clashing with the scene to give it a more grime aesthetic.

Scene 3- The main character approaches the group, and they stand their in a circle.

The character approaches, and the character with a skeleton mask nods his head. The camera moves across behind all of the characters to show all of them line up in a circular formation.

Scene 4- The music artist is rapping the music at a bride/crater location

We see the main artist of the video rap the music video at a crater yard. The camera dips down, to allow the chance of a multi-coloured raze/glitch effect to occur, giving it that classical grime feel.

Scene 5- We see a brief glimpse at one of the members removing their mask, with purple smoke emerging from the side

We see a member pull off his mask for a brief second, and as we do, there is purple smoke emerging from the side. There is a white spark effect that goes across the screen the essentially make the scene even more quicker.

Scene 6- The main character is standing idle as the camera swoops in

The main character is standing in the centre of the frame, as the camera swoops closer to him, to make him visible in full frame.

Scene 7- The main artist is rapping for a brief time, until he gets replaced by the skull character

The camera swings left in order to transition the character to the skull character. There is also use of a multi-coloured glitch effect that essentially aids the transition even further making it cleaner and much more professional.

Scene 8- Skull character remains idle during this scene

The camera swoops to the right where we see the skull character remain idle again, however the camera is swifting from side to side, keeping the character in shot.

Scene 9- We finally see the skull character reveal himself to be the actual artist at the beginning of the video

The artist is rapping in the middle amongst other members (where they are idle), and camera moves slightly around them.

Scene 10- Main character is seen dancing before the camera

The character is seen dancing while the camera follows his movements up and down, as well as shaking the camera footage to give it a more dramatic effect.

5) Sketching and drafting - for video-based productions this means astoryboard - sheets available in DF07 or you can print out your own AQA storyboard sheet. For print productions, this means detailed sketches of all your pages.







6) Shot list - use Microsoft Word or a template like this to help you. Remember, you need a shot list whether you are filming or carrying out a print photoshoot - professional quality original images are essential if you want to reach the top level.



7) Mise-en-scene: casting/model details, costume and make-up, props, lighting, location scouting for video productions etc. Use photographs to document and plan your mise-en-scene - using your phone is acceptable for this.

Costumes:
  • Jeans
Image result for jeans
  • Hoodies
Image result for nike hoodie
  • Masks
Image result for joker mask
  • Gloves
Image result for nike gloves
  • Bandanas
Image result for bandanas
Lighting:
  • Reflector
  • Light x2
  • Street lights
  • Car lights
Location: 
  • In front of an estate
  • On street
  • Inside a car/vehicle
  • Alley Way
Props:
  • Gun (replica obviously)
Image result for gun prop
  • Alcohol bottle
Image result for ciroc bottle

  • Smoke Grenade
Image result for smoke grenade

Friday 27 January 2017

Preliminary Exercise: Evaluation

Evaluation

1) Why did you choose this particular recreation and how does it link to your main production?

We chose this recreation because we feel that the theme and general music genre is what can be a good platform for all the members in our group to express their critical investigation link to. For me, it is more to do with the overall theme of the music video rather than the visual element. The idea that there is a group on youngsters dressed very intimidating creates this theme of horror and psychopathic element which can link to my critical investigation.



2) What difficulties did you face in producing this recreation?

The main problem was the fact that there was too much noise in the shot. By noise, the fuzziness of the night background ruins the shot of the scene being recorded. The camera settings needed to be adjusted in order for more clearer images to be recorded. In addition, trying to capture a scene that would be edited in a specific way is hard to capture as we were only seeing the edited version of the clip, and therefore it lead to many more takes in order to capture the appropriate one. 


3) What are the strengths of the production?

I managed to replicate all the shots and camera movements from the original video clip. Not only this, but the editing such as the old grainy aesthetic was also added in, just like the original video. In addition, I managed to get hold of the clothing and props that the original music video had, things such as gloves, the jacket and the bandannas were all things that contributed to making this video good.


4) What aspects would you look to improve?

Being more prepared when it comes to settings of the camera, as it would have made a much better outcome in terms of quality of the video. Furthermore, camera movement should be less still and more shaky, as if it is purposely hand held, as it is a key element in creating a music video.


5) What lessons will you take from this process that will help you with your main production?

I will ensure that I bring a better quality camera, and that the appropriate settings are put on, when it comes to recording either in daylight, or during the night. Furthermore, more music video edits such as speed, and glitch effects are all techniques used to make a successful music video, and this should be learned when it comes to the actual production.


6) Now that you are ready to start your actual linked production, explain clearly what you will be creating and how confident you are in delivering this.

The preliminary has given me so much confidence in producing a very solid and professional style music video. This is because the exercise was my first attempt at making a video of this kind. However, post production is something that should be more of a challenge, as I have only had a glimpse of what its like to edit a music video, whereas there is way more editing techniques out there that are used. The video we plan to create is a grime music video, that has the "Harlem Spartan's- Call Me A Spartan", with visuals inspired by "Block Popping" used to aid us in what visual direction we are going for when it comes to the video itself. 

*Note: Linked production isn't settled until props are confirmed, as we need superhero masks and "guns" in order to link everyone's productions together*

Friday 20 January 2017

Preliminary Script

410 Think Again Script

Script (Lyrics)

Come to your strip
Everybody run
Rounds with the mob
Niggas get spun
Kick down doors
Heard you're the plug
Take mans food
Thanks very much
Fuck shanks man I like big guns
Mash in my jeans ten toes on my ones
Owe me ps? Must be nuts.
Crying to yout face nigga wears my funds

Twelve inch on my waist that's stainless
Twelve inch on my waist
Go through Chest Plates
Little nigga this knife is dangerous
410K what where?
Say that to my face leave man on the pavement
Juice man then I bill up the pin head
Amm to the face and my amm needs patience

I just wan crash
Sykes tell em move hella amm
If you see me better run like Flash
Run a man down with a pole
Send nuff corn in a opp boys back (nuff)
Click-

Thursday 19 January 2017

Shot list Preliminary

Shot List

#
Shot Type
Duration (Seconds)
1 (FC)
Medium Shot of Character presenting hand gestures 
3
2 (BS)
Low Angle Medium Shot of three characters. Steady Cam out to reveal a fourth person
3
3 (FC)
Cut back to Medium Shot first character presenting more hand gestures
4
4 (DG)
Medium Shot of Character surrounded by a group
4
5 (LH)
Medium Shot of Character waving hand.
1
6 (FC)
Medium Shot of first Character presenting hand gestures.
1
7 (BS)
Steady Cam shot of group turning right to reveal a character with a knife.
3
8 (FC)
Steady Cam Shot of first character hand gestures
2
9 (TB)
Medium Shot of two characters in an urban area
1
10 (FC)
Medium Shot of first Character with hand gestures.
2
11 (BS)
Medium Shot of the characters who appear to mimic holding a rifle
3
12 (DG)
Medium Shot of first Character pointing towards camera with a group surrounding him.
3

Story Board Preliminary

Story Board: 410 (Sparkz, Y.Rendo & A.M) - Think Again [Prod. Bkay] (Music Video)




Sunday 15 January 2017

Preliminary exercise: Recreation task

30-second shot-by-shot recreation

  • Name of the text you plan to recreate:
410 (Sparkz, Y.Rendo & A.M) - Think Again [Prod. Bkay] (Music Vid)
  • Scene/section you will recreate:
0:32 seconds to 1:04
  • Location you will use for your recreation:
Dormers Estate
  • Actors you will require for your recreation:
UNKNOWN (TO BE DECIDED)
  • Props/costumes you will require for your recreation:
  1. Bandanas
  2. Hoddies
  3. Jeans/Joggers
  4. Hats
  5. Gloves
  6. Ciroc bottle
  • Equipment you plan to use:
  1. Camera
  2. Computer
  • Any other relevant information:
*It will be shot at night/day depending on the noise the camera produces and lighting of location

Tuesday 10 January 2017

MEST4: Linked Production planning

Writing your own Linked Production brief #1: Music Video

Your Critical Investigation topic: 

  • Q: To what extent are on-screen Hollywood villains, such as ‘The Dark Knight’s 'Joker', having an impact on the audience?

Your Linked Production brief: 

  • To re-create a full length music video with a linked concept from the critical investigation title

Length/size of production (e.g. 3 minutes, 5 pages etc.):
 


  • 3-4 minutes

Give an example of an existing media text this is similar to what you plan to produce: 

  • Harlam Spartans- Call Me A Spartan (Music Video)

Give an example of an institution that would produce or distribute your planned production:

  • Link-up TV
  • SBTV
  • Vimeo
  • YouTube
  • Facebook
  • Instagram
  • Snapchat
How would your production reach its audience?

  • Generally, grime style music is often posted on YouTube as the institutions that publish them are mainly based on YouTube. Therefore, the best way for the video to reach audiences is by being submitted/publish to YouTube as all other similar style music videos are posted on the same platform/site. 

Who do you plan to work with on this project?

  • Taranjit & Rehan & Sharief 

Writing your own Linked Production brief #2: Film

Your Critical Investigation topic: 

  • Q: To what extent are on-screen Hollywood villains, such as ‘The Dark Knight’s 'Joker', having an impact on the audience?

Your Linked Production brief: 

  • A short film that is focused around a psychopathic man.

Length/size of production (e.g. 3 minutes, 5 pages etc.): 

  • The film will be approximately 3-4 minutes long (depending on story element)

Give an example of an existing media text this is similar to what you plan to produce: 

  • Goodfellas
  • Scarface
  • Black Mass

Give an example of an institution that would produce or distribute your planned production:

  • Warner Bros
  • Paramount Pictures
  • Sony
  • MGM
  • Lionsgate
  • Vimeo

How would your production reach its audience?

  • Since the film is essentially got the narrative of a fully fledged cinema movie, this film would be released in cinemas in order to reach its audience.

Who do you plan to work with on this project?



  • By myself

Thursday 5 January 2017

Aarun Saini- Critical Investigation Draft 2- 05/01/17

New and Improved Critical Investigation

 



"...some men aren't looking for anything logical, like money. They can't be bought, bullied, reasoned, or negotiated with. Some men just want to watch the world burn- Alfred Pennyworth" [[1]].
 


To what extent are on-screen Hollywood villains, such as ‘The Dark Knight’s 'Joker', having an impact on the audience?
Despite the world's fandom for the critically acclaimed Dark Knight trilogy, there is a mega shift in the tone and feel of Hollywood characters especially those in the superhero genre. This is particularly apparent in Christopher Nolan's highly commended Dark Knight Trilogy where the character of the Joker does just that. In Nolan's film, the Joker has seemed to be one of the best performances ever made by Heath Leger. It has been praised as one of the best acting portrayals in cinema history, and this is very much influenced by the fans reaction. Fans and film viewers in general were very pleased with the portrayal of the Joker they demanded more of it, unfortunately the actor Heath Ledger had died shortly after the film’s release. Conspiracy had generated after the passing of Ledger where it was believed that the actor couldn't tell the difference between being a psychopath like the Joker; and being a normal man. A moral panic had launched in the media which got people including parents concerned whether this type of portrayals are really suitable for a younger demographic especially when it is for a 12A certificate. What also was controversial is the fact that an incident had taken place where a member of the audience (who was watching the final instalment of the franchise), had got up and killed many viewers who were watching the last Dark Knight movie in Aurora cinema. What is so fascinating is that an on screen character- The Joker had influenced this man to go out and mimic his actions that occurred on screen. The fact that “portrayals of violence in various media (e.g. television, movies and video games are linked to actual are linked to actual violent behaviour for children and teenagers... has placed the topic of aggression at the fore of much social discourse”[[2]] is something not to ignore as it is a fact. When "The Dark Knight became the fourth highest grossing film of all time. Clearly something about the film appeals to viewers… " [[3]]. This is precisely the aim of what the essay is trying to argue, if there is a correlation of content seen on screen and the viewers who consume it. The Joker is no ordinary Hollywood character, “he exhibits no interest in our cultural values, be they by material or moral" [[4]], showing the shear difference that this character has against many others that have come before him.
The most prominent movie out of the Christopher Nolan’s Batman trilogy was ‘The Dark Knight’, simply due to the long wait for another actor to reprise the role of Batman’s greatest foes; The Joker- played by Heath Ledger. The character of Joker is known for his psychopathic and disturbing comic book moments, everything to skinning a man alive to ripping someone to shreds is the norm of every Joker fan. There was no doubt that this was the direction that the film wanted to take the character on in ‘The Dark Knight’ theatrical film. After the release of the film, it was critically acclaimed for the legendary performance Heath Leger had while playing the Joker. Fans believe it to be the perfect portrayal of the character since Jack Nicholson’s adaptation. However, shortly after the film’s release it was announced that the actor Heath Ledger died and there was a lot of conspiracy surrounding his death. Like William H. Macy said, “people have demons. Sometimes it’s hard to see them” [[5]], this quote says it all. What made the film so controversial were the clues left behind by Ledger himself. Clues that showed that the character of the Joker had created an influence in to his daily life and caused him to commit suicide. This form of ‘influence’ had also occurred with previous actors who were in line to playing the role, such as Jared Leto for the upcoming Suicide Squad movie, where it was said that he was showing off some form of off psychopathic behaviour which made one colleague of his think if he were actually “crazy” [[6]]. This shows how much of an impact that the character of the Joker had on actors who were trying to give the best portrayal yet. In addition to this, during the release of the final instalment in ‘The Dark Knight trilogy’- ‘The Dark Knight Rises’, a shooting had taken place where a young man had gone out of his way to shoot audience members stating that he ‘was the Joker’. He even mimicked the characters portrayal in his real life by boobie trapping his room similar to how the Joker would trap his victims. Furthermore, after the gun shooting “gun sales in America rose by 43%” [[7]], and it was because of all these events that a “moral panic” [[8]] was created because citizens were concerned that such characters and content to be allowed for public audience members.
Nolan’s Batman trilogy is known to be one of the greatest and prominent trilogies of all time in cinema history, but what made ‘The Dark Knight’ so special that the other films didn’t have? Despite it being the first film out of the two to have received “$1 billion at the box office” and an “Oscar for best supporting actor” [[9]], it was the portrayal of the Joker that really blew people away, especially the fans. The fans were eager to see his big screen debut after so long and were blown away with what Ledger had achieved in that film, making it one of the most prominent theatrical acting of all time. But what made it so controversial was the fact that an on screen character; the Joker had, had an influence on an audience member and had caused him to go out and mimic his on screen actions in the real world. The film was said to connote "images of the 2001 attracts and their capacity to elicit emotional effect and incite trauma in viewers, and second, ‘The Dark Knight's’ potential to revoke such effects through flashbulb memory, the arresting image, or a simulation of traumatic memory" [[10]]. The reason why such a moral panic emerged was because of one of the most infamous cases ever to have created a moral panic for films which was the James Bulger case. This case is very much similar to the Joker case where audience members were influenced by what they watched on screen and mimicked it in real life to harm other people. The Aurora shooting had resurrected that moral panic and had been brought back once more. The media played a large part in forming forcing that the media is injecting information in to the consumers mind, like a “hypodermic needle model” [[11]]. Furthermore, a more recent event similar to this had occurred late 2016, where it was proven that the cause of the infamous ‘killer clown craze’ had “originated from the new poster for the upcoming it remake” [[12]]. These examples as well as the main text itself are proof that there is some capacity of films and characters having an influence on audience members, whether that is good deeds or bad. The reason why good deeds can be originated from moving text is because incident have occurred where audience members mimic the on-screen actions for the greater good. For example, “people dressed up as batman and went hunting for clowns in order to deter people from ding such hideous acts” [[13]].
The problem that these occurrences had on society was it made people especially parents question whether or not such content and characters should be allowed to viewed by children especially if it is related to iconic superhero characters which are largely associated with the children demographic. Over the years, films (especially) superhero movies had begun taking a darker approach as a theme for these movies. DC films in particular were best known and were quite successful in delivering great dark themed superhero movies, batman being the most prominent. Dark themed superhero movies have become the norm, allowing for more darker and graphical stories (and characters) to be brought to the big screen, because it is said to be ‘acceptable’. As a result of this dark and gritty theme the superhero genre adopted characters like the Joker made their way to be more violent and dark for young viewers which also resulted in the “age certification” [[14]] for such films to be 12 and over; way above the traditional superhero certification rating. Moral panics are generated as a form of concern from audience members as such characters may have an influence on their children similar to the way the children who watched Chucky mimicked what they watched on an innocent child- James Bulger.
There have been many different portrayals of the Joker on both the big screen and on TV, however none come close (not even Jack Nicholson) to how Heath Ledger portrayed his Joker. The character subverts the audiences expectations in a way no villain in superhero history has done till date. The way in which the audience praise and side with the villain is something very unusual and very unique. The twist of course, is that this is a new breed of criminal (and not just because he shoots his fellow thieves), one who dislocates himself from the narratives sterilised notion evil that characterises the mobsters" [[15]]. What audience don’t know is that there is more than just the portrayal audience enjoy, they enjoy the characters mind-set and how he detaches himself from other characters. The psychology of the Joker presented in the film gives off a horror feel to the character and a very menacing character is presented before the audience. Scenes where the Joker “tortures Rachel by talking about how he got his scars” [[16]] really brings out this psychopathic approach to the character. The more the Joker speaks through-out the text, the more the audience begin to feel a bit unease with the character as if he is more than just a ‘typical’ villain. There is more than just dialogue that comes in to play when an audience can feel influenced by a characters on-screen actions, and one of the major things that had an impact on the audience, was the mise-en-scene and camera presentation to capture these horrific moments. “The Jokers make-up, his purple suit, and his absurdity can still seduce the objectivity-minded guardians of good” [[17]] which all present him in a rather unusual and comedic way, similar to his natural counter part of being a ‘funny’ character; like in the comics. However these props and make-up seem to juxtapose the idea of comedy and bring out a more scary and horror-like tone which give the character more seriousness and creates intimidation towards the audience members.
Furthermore, the shots used to capture the moments the Joker had on screen also played a part in building this theme of dark humour, for example, when Gambit is being tortured with having a knife in his mouth and the Joker tells his story about how he gets his scars, the shots used were selected very carefully. This scene used a lot of close-ups especially when the Joker was intimidating Gimbal, the intention was to make the audience feel as if they were the ones being intimidated, and Gimbal is essentially the audience in the movie, whatever Gimbal was feeling and facial expressions, the audience was the feel the same way. This effect in turn would create this sense of fear within the audience. They feel as if they were interrogated by the character despite the fact that they are just watching it passively. It shows how the pros and camera shots used were carefully selected to bring forth a powerful, yet intimidating scene out of every Joker appearance. One thing that the “Joker makes clear in The Dark Knight is the success evil can enjoy when we naively ignore the presence of evil" [[18]] which is true to a large extent. Audience members are blinded by the shear horror that the character holds and enjoys the scenes he is in, despite how evil his actions are. And finally, "The Dark Knight's cinematography and mise-en-scene continually operate to slightly aspects of 9/11" [[19]] which plays a key factor with every character within the films, especially the Joker. ‘The Dark Knight’ uses this ideology of 9/11 through-out the film, and uses characters to portray certain aspects of this. The scene where a hospital is blown up by the Joker is very reminiscent of the twin towers explosion, and the Joker is presented as the terrorist in the story. This links deeply in to the narrative of the film where there is a link between the 9/11 event and how this film tries to reinvigorate it as a core story element within this film. The Joker playing the terrorist, he is the one who uses persuasion to get his way, for example when he tries to brainwash Harvey Dent in the hospital. This scene above all else was what really connected with the audience. This is when the Joker justifies his actions by essentially manipulating and hallucinating the viewers in to falling in to his trap of being an ‘honest guy’ a man who isn’t like others, who wants people to show their inner-self. It really splits the audience in two minds, whether to hate the Joker or agree with him, and this can have affect with the way audience members view their real lives. An example of another real life copy-cat crime that was influenced by the Joker would be Christopher Clancy who allegedly committed arson by setting fire to his school while having the Joker make-up applied to his face. His reasoning for committing such a crime is similar to that of the Joker stating that the school ‘is run by hypocrites’ [[20]] which is similar to the ideological thinking the Joker had towards society when talking to Batman face to face in the prison cell. Another act of this crime that mimicked the Jokers on screen portrayal was that in the film the Joker is seen to be burning money, which is evident when the young boy is burning his school. There are many more crimes and influences that the character of Joker has had on audiences and it may not be the end of Hollywood’s influential characters; like the Joker.

The historical text chosen to compare against ‘The Dark Knight’ text would be the 1960’s Batman TV show starring ‘staring Adam West’ [[21]]. The reason why this is the perfect text to compare with ‘The Dark Knight’ is because of the vast difference in time, of where these two texts have been created as they both are based off of the original DC comic characters, but presented in a much different way. What makes this text so different is that it is built up of the ideologies and popular culture of the time period the shows was created in- the 1960’s. During the “late 1940’s, censorship became a prominent way of trying to stop certain information being consumed by the public” [[22]], and comic books were no exception. This in turn had a major impact on the 1966 TV show as censorship had to be a key role within this show. Batman was known to be quite dark than its Marvel comic counterpart, that being more in line with kids. Batman was a character more suited and relatable to adults than children’s as the topics that the comics dealt with were real life situations such as losing parents etc. Obviously, showing such crude content on TV (especially during the 1960’s) would be deemed unforgivable and would create major anger amongst society. Such censorship had forced publishers like DC comics to tone down their content which resulted in the “disappearance of horror and gritty books from the mainstream” [[23]]. So in turn, the 1966 Batman TV show captured the zeitgeist of that era, by dealing with the issues of censorship at that time. Alongside “nostalgic currents there was an emphasis on escapism in the post-9/11 American popular culture. For instance, the ratings for the long-running New York-based sitcoms Friends increased by 17 percent in the wake of the terrorist attacks” [[24]] showing how people want a form of escapism who are not much interested in the story, but just want a visual source to escape to. What has made this Batman (1966) so unique and interesting is the fact that there is such a vast difference between the two time periods. This is largely to do with society’s expectations and ideologies of such content at the time. This is because since the since world war two was the major shock to the world and the world was in the process of recovering, to read or watch any particular content that would reinvigorate that sense of horror or stress would be deemed unfit for society. People wanted a source of escapism, to watch content and forget about their real life issues. Batman 1966 was one of many shows (at the time) that aimed to be ‘just another’ TV show to act as a form of audience pleasure. The 1966 interpretation of the Batman is camp and rather more comedic to fit in with society’s popular culture and ideologies at the time. Furthermore, the way the Joker was presented in the show is completely different to that of Ledger’s Joker. The Joker (played by Cesar Romero [[25]]) too was more suited for the audience of that time period, acting more camp and comedic rather than the intimidating Joker we know of the modern era. Furthermore, the key theme that is played-out through all three seasons would be the sense of comedy and campiness and the less serious approach that the show takes. It’s as if it deliberately is trying to be less about the story and more about the visual entertainment that audience members can enjoy. It really shows the vast difference in culture and audience mainstream between the two texts time period (zeitgeist).
What makes these two texts so different from each other is the perception of the source; superhero’s. Since the birth of superheroes ‘stereotypes’ [[26]] of this content has been largely associated with children, and wasn’t until there was major changes in audience expectations and change in society where something largely associated with kids, will soon be an attraction for adults. This shows how much audience demands and expectations have changed over time. The norm and mainstream can be common for so little time, until it becomes something hated upon rather than loved. This all changed when Tim Burton revived the Batman and superhero genre as a whole by providing audience with a new and unique twist on the genre by giving a more serious and gritty approach to the character. And it wasn’t until Christopher Nolan took directing duties to deliver the very best of what the real batman truly was. It is said that a film supervises “both their construction by the film maker, and their reading by an audience”[27] [27] which shows how the auteur effect gives plays a major part when telling a vast and immersive story like this where characters who are meant to be hated- are actually loved and enjoyed defeating the entire purpose of a villain. This opened doors to fans and non-superhero viewers for something more than just a kiddy action-packed film. Then from that moment on, superhero films has been dominating the box office with large amount of success and carry different themes along with them, some with dark humour (Batman V Superman) and some more humorous (Captain America Civil War).
To conclude, although this investigation may not prove one hundred percent that audience members are affected by what they see, there is an extent to where they feel influenced, or even emotionally connected to what they have viewed and is something they will not forget. It surely shows that "...Nolan's nightmarish version of the Joker persistently suggests his capacity as an agent of chaos" [[28]] and this is implied both on screen and off screen. The fact that the director can try and aim for a specific take on a character can really create something innovative and iconic, similar to the way that Joker was presented. There have been past encounters with on screen violence being re-enacted off screen including other media outlets such as video games, and therefore show that there is some degree of influence upon audience members.

Works cited:
Books-
Burke L (2015). The Comic Book Film Adaptation, Australia

Heit Jamey (2011). Essays on Evil in Popular Media: Vader, Voldemort and other villains, United Kingdom

 

Pheasant Frances (2013). Fantasy Film Post 911, America

 

Rosenberg R ( 2008). The Psychology of Superheroes an unauthorized exploration, America


Moving Text-
·         Batman, Burton T, 1989, America
·         Batman, Finger B, 1966, America
·         Child’s Play. Holland T, 1988, America
·         ‘The Dark Knight’, Nolan C, 2008, America
Online
Aurora cinema shooting BBC article: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-18937513

Article about Jared Leto sending gifts to fellow cast members of Suicide Squad: http://www.cinemablend.com/new/How-Jared-Leto-Dead-Pig-Stunt-Affected-Viola-Davis-Suicide-Squad-Performance-113127.html

A tweet from a highly acclaimed person regarding Ledger’s death: https://www.accesshollywood.com/articles/updated-stars-react-to-heath-ledgers-death-62175/

News link (Gun sales going up after theatre shootings): http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-18981769
Wikipedia document on the ‘Mass Media’- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influence_of_mass_media
Joker influences in real life- whatculture.com/comics/9-horrifying-real-crimes-inspired-joker 
Print Texts
News-paper article on IT (film remake) and its influence on the killer clown craze influence: London Evening Standard (broadsheet) - Page 5


Works Consulted:
Books
Barrie Gunter (1998). The effects of video games on children: the myth unmasked. United Kingdom
Beeler K (2014). Children's Film in the Digital Age: Essays on Audience, Adaptation and Consumer Culture. Columbia
 Gina Misiroglu- The Supervillain Book: The Evil Side of Comics and Hollywood
Maximillien de Lafayette (2010). Hollywood's Earth Shattering Scandals: The infamous, villains, nymphomaniacs and shady character in motion pictures. 8th Edition. America

McGlinchey T (2016).  Audience and Empathy- Film as a Uniquely Evocative Medium. United Kingdom

Pearson R (2015). Many more Lives of Batman. United Kingdom
Stokes M (2004). Hollywood Abroad: Audiences and Cultural Exchange. United Kingdom

Moving Text
·         Black Mass, Cooper S, 2016, America, United Kingdom
·         Scarface, Palma B, 1984, America
·         Goodfellas, Scorsese, 1991, America
·         A Clockwork Orange, Kubrick S, 1971, America, United Kingdom
·         The Man Who Laughs, Leni P, 1928, America

Online
Obama’s reaction to the shootings- http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-18949783

Journals
Media Magazine regarding Dark Knight Trilogy (MM44)
Do fictional characters on screen have an impact on audience members?- https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-mind-stage/201211/do-fictional-characters-affect-our-real-life
Kirsh Olczak (2002). https://www.geneseo.edu/~kirsh/vita/kirsh%20olczak.pdf